Greetings

Greetings is the expression which used to address someone or other people
A.How do you greet other people ?
1        Good morning/ afternoon/evening/night/nite
2        Hello, dhina
_ hello,afgan
3        How are you ?
4        How’s life?
5        How are you getting along
6        Hi,Nurul
_ hi,dhina
7   How’s everting with you?
B. How do you introduce yourself?
1 Let me introduce my self , my name is dhina
2 Hello,I’m Kim Hyun Joong
3 Hi,I’m Afgan Syahreza.You can call me Afgan


C. How do you introduce other people ?
_ I would like to introduce Utari Dina Sari
_ I would like you to meet Debby
_ Excuse me, Let me introduce you a new friend.His name is Alexa
D. How do you close or end your conversation ?
_ Well, I should be going now. See you!
_ Well. I must be off now.I’ll talk to you !
For the example
Dhina          : Morning, Mrs deby
Mrs. Deby : Morning ,dhina .How are you ?
Dhina          : I’m fine. And Mrs ?
Mrs Deby  : Fine too. Well, I must teach again in classroom .See
you dhina
Dhina          : okay .mrs. See you too . Bye-Bye

Procedure Text

Posted by: utari dhina on: 20 Desember 2009

• In: Tak Berkategori
• Comment!

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The Definition of Procedure Text
P rocedure Text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved through a sequence of actions or steps.It explains how people perform different  processes in a sequence of steps.This text uses simple present tense,often imperative sentence.It also uses the temporal conjunction such as : first,second,then,next,finally,etc



The generic structures of procedure text are:

• Goal / aim ( or title)
• Materials ( not required for all procedural texts)
• Steps ( the actions that must be taken)

For the example
‘’ How to make a sandwich ‘’
( aim/ goal)
You need ( materials)

• 2 slices of bread
• Peanut butter
• A banana
• Honey

What you should do are ( steps) :

• Take two slices of bread
• Spread peanut butter
• Cut up a banana onto small slices and put them on one of the slices
• Pour some honey over the bananas
• Put the other slice of bread on top

Can you make procedure text selain food,stiil many for the example yang can we make  to procedure text.. (:

Annoucement

Definition of announcement:
Annoucement is something said ,written,or paintend  to make know what has happened( more often) what will happen.
In writing an announcement ,keep the following points:

• The title/ type of event
• Date /time ,place and
• Contact person

For the example:
a                                                        “ Attention Please”

The student organization( osis)

Will hold a weekend camping

Next week all students are

Allwed to join it

Afgan

b
3  A class Excursion

We travel by bus to Situ Gunung

Days: on Friday – on Sunday

Time: at 9.a.m and at 4.p.m

Tent and floor mars will be provided but you will need a sleeping bag.You will also need  a bag to carry your clothes, a water proof coat and pair of boots.Please bring your own plastic plate ,spoon and cup and backpack for emergency equipment.
3 A   camping  coordinator

       Dhygta

Advertisement

Definition of advertisement :
Advertising is a communication whose is to inform potential costumers about to generic increased consumption of those product and service through the creation and reinforcement of brand loyalty.For these purposes advertisement often contain both factual information and persuasive messages.Every major medium is used to deliver these messages,including,television,radio,movies,magazines,newspaper,video games,the internet and billboards.Advertising is often placed by an advertising agency on behalf of a company.
In short,advert
Information for persuading and motivation people so that it will attract them to the service and the thing that are offered or informed.
Function of advertisement
a.Promotion
b.Communication
c.Information
In making an advertisement keep the following points :
1.Language of advertisement  :

• Using the correct or suitable words
• Using the interesting and suggestive expression
• Using positive expression
• Text of advertisement should be directed to goal

2.Content of advertisement :

• Objective and honest
• Brief and clear
• Not  mocking to group or other producer
• Attractive attention

Advertisement How 2 meaning :

• Advertisement is a comerical solicitation designed to sell some commodity,service or similar.Companies try to sell their product using.
• Advertisement is a public notice the city council placed an advertisment in the local newspaper in informs it residents of the forthcom in road works

Advertisment is refers to all people many advertisment are designed to generate increased consumption of those products and service through the creation and reinforcement of brand image ” N ” barand loyality
For the example:

‘’ Find the correct spelling “

And pronunciation more than 80,000 word with this

Electronic dictionary

Made of strong plastic.

Comes in two colors: Dark Gray and Ligth Blue

$ 104.50.

Appointment

This is about my presentation. . :D

APPOINTMENT
Definition of appointment:
Appointment tell about agreement for meeting it is good to make an appointment before you meet or people.
1.Making an Appointment

• Can I come and see you ?
• I want to make an appointment to see
• I ‘ll be there

2.Accepting an Appointment

• Be there on time
• It’s a deal
• I’ll wait for you

3.Canceling an Appointment

• I’m sorry ,I ‘m very busy
• I ‘m terrible sorry I have to put off my Appointment

4.Changing an Appointment

• What about……………( Tuesday at.04.00.p.m)
• Do you have another time this afternoon
• Well,I must be off now .I’ll talk to you later.

For the example of  dialogue about Appointment
Dhina  : Hi,can I talk to Afgan ?
Afgan  : Ya ,it’s me .Who is talking ?
Dhina  : I ‘m Dhina .Sorry to disturb you
Afgan  : No problem.What’s up ?
Dhina  : Well,you like to accompany me to Gary’s House this  afternoon?
Afgan  : Yeah.I can
Dhina  : Okay .I will pick up you at.5.p.m
Afgan  : Ok .I wait You.

Invitation

INVITATION
Invitation tell about how to invite or ask someone to come along or join a particular program or activity.
How to invite someone

• I would like you to
• Whould you like to….?
• Shall we…………..?
• Let’s have dinner together with me tonight

How to accept an Invitation

• All right!
• I will come
• I would love to

How to refuse / decline an Invitation

• I’m afraid .I can’t
• That’s very kind of you,but……………..
• I can’t for now because I ‘m busy………………………..

For the example of dialogue about Invitation
Dhina : Hi, don.What are you doing tonight ?
Doni   : I wiil just stay at home
Dhina : Well,whould you like to come my birthday tonight?
Doni   : Oww, you are going to celebrate your birthday, what time?
Dhina : At .06.00.p.m .Don’t be Late
Doni    : All right .Thankz for you invite me
Dhina  : Okay.See you tonight .Good bye
Doni    : Good bye too

Happiness Expression

Happiness  Expression
Definition of Happiness  Expression :
Happiness  Expression is an expression that is used to show that someone or people are glad have excited feelings
What is happiness ?

• It is important to first understand that the term ‘’happiness ‘’ refers to the emotion ,mood ,and state of happiness ,however researchers generally study the more enduring ‘’state”
• Expression happiness is used to expression happiness feelings when we are successful to do something.

What  would you say to express you happiness ?

• I’m happy because……….
• Fantastic
• Great
• My life’s fun of happy day
• You make me happy
• I’m so glad that you
• I like ……..
• I love……..
• I’m statistied with
• I’m pleased with
• Congratulation !!

We can happiness expression of  by :

• Word( kata-kata)
• Gestures ( gerakan )

For the example of dialouge about happiness expression:
Nhya  : What do you accept from your birthday ,dhina?
Dhina : Fantastic ,I can a new bag from my father. That’s new bag .
It is    very good
Nhya  : Oh, I ‘m happy too hear it.
Dhina : Thank’z ,Nhya
Nhya  : You are welcome

Gaining Attention

   
Gaining Attention
Gaining attention is a way or eexpression that is spoken so that other people will pay their attention to what we want to .
If yu want to gain attention of some people you can use  this:

• Attention, please
• May  I have your attention ,please ?
• Excuse me, Look here !
• Listen to me ,please !
• Waiter ?
• I’m sorry ,but……………..
• Wow really ?

** Example **
Dodi    : Excuse me,mr !
Dedi    : Yes,what happen ?
Dodi    : Can you speak in Germany ?
Dedi    : Oh, I can’t speak in Germany ,sir.I just can speak an English   .I’m   sorry
Dodi    : Okay .Thank you sir.
Dedi    : You are welcome.

Sympathy Expression

Sympathy Expression
The definition of sympathy Expression  :
Sympathy Expression is an expression or feeling of pity  and sorrow when we know and see someone or people are unlucky or have trouble and in bad condition .By expressing sympathy we want to show our concern or carefulness on other people ‘s condition.
How can we give sympathy expression to someone :
We express it directly to him/her orally or we  can use a letter or card by post also by short message service ( sms ), e-mail,television ,radio ,and newspaper if he /she who got the trouble is far from us.
Several expression  of sympathy :

• I ‘m so sorry to haer that
• I’m awfully sorry about……….
• Oh ,how awfully
• Oh, dear !
• How pity you are !

Example of dialogue that expression :
Agnes : You know that ? David has lost contact with his friend
Chairil :  I’ m awfully sorry about information it.

Giving Intructions

Giving Intructions
Giving Intruction is an expression that is used in order that other person does what we instruct or request.
The example expression of giving instructions

• Open your book
• Close the door ,please !
• Stand up ,please
• Be quiet,please
• Move them chair

1.We use as commanding word in the from of infinite
Without to : _ strand up
_  clean the room
2.We use be + adjective ,or noun or adverb
_ be careful
_ be on time
3.We use the word don’t + verb infinite without
To  : _ don’t move !

_  don’t do it !

4. We use word please at beginning or at the end of an instruction to make it sounds more polite,for
Example :  _ love me please

_ keep silent,please

Note : the tense used in giving instruction is ‘’ simple present ‘’

Recount Text

Read this. .

Recount Text
The definition of Recount Text :
Recount text is a text that is used to retell event for the purpose of informing  or entertaining.
The generic structures of Recount text are :

1. Orientation ( its gives the readers the background information needed to understand the text such as who was involved where it happened  ,when it happened)
2. Events ( a series of events  ordered in a chronological sequence )
3. Re-orentation  ( restates the writer’s opinion or personal comment of the writer on the incident)

The significant lexicogrammatical features :

• Uses of simple past tense
• Uses  of temporal conjuctions ( when ,after,before,next,later,then)
• Uses of personal pronoun ( I and We )

For the example of Recount text :

“ A visit  to a sheep property “

Last holiday.I visited a sheep property .I helped in the shearing sheds an the yards .On the first day the Merino  wethers were crutched.I helped by sweeping up after the rouseabout picked up the wool pieces shearers start early ( at 7.30 a.m )
After lunch,we started shearing the lambs .There were more than 400 so we didn’t finish until the next day.Once again I was sweeping  and picking up dags.I was tired by the end of the day in the shed but our work wasn’t finished.We all had to help to get the wethers and lambs back into the paddocks.
As well ,we had to get a mob of ewes and their lambs into the yard for shearing the next day.Then it was time for tea ( that’s what my nanna calls dinner ).This was a very long day but I enjoyed it a lot.

past prefect tense

Past perfect tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an Action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed of finished certain time in the past too; or past perfect tense is used to Express an Action or an event that had happened before that other event or actionhappened.
Formula of Verbal Sentence:
(+)  SUBJECT + HAD + V3
(- ) SUBJECT + HAD + NOT + V3
(? ) HAD + SUBJECT + V3?
Example:
+ She had put my book on the table last nigth.
- She had not put my book on the table last night.
? Had she put my book on the table last night?
Formula of Nominal Sentence
(+ )SUBJECT + HAD + BEEN+ NON VERB
(- )SUBJECT + HAD +NOT + BEEN+ NON VERB
(?) HAD + SUBJECT + BEEN+ NON VERB?
Example:
+ I had been there when the accident hapenned.
- I had not been Three when the accident hapenned.
? Had had been there when the accident hapenned?

**note**

I had = I’d
You had = You’d
We had = We’d
They had = they’d
He had = he’d
She had = She’d
It had = It’d

Past Tense

 

Past Tense
Past tense is to tell the events or incidents at the past time.
Past tense is used :

• When the speaker thinks of an activity or state as occurred and complete at a specific time in the past
• For a non-fact in the present or future  time.This is traditionally called the” subjunctive mood “.

Example : If I had the money now,I’d buy a car.

• To refer a single event on the past

Example : I called Mary last night.

• The past habitual action.

Example : We went to school together,and we shared many experinces.

The  Simple Past Tense
Simple Past Tense is kind of tense which is used to describe an event or action that happened already in a certain time in the past.
Adverbs used: yesterday,last night ,last week,two days ago,a few minutes ago,last weekend ,last month ,last years,in 1984,etc

• Simple past for regular verbs is added by- ed to the root of a word.

Example : She worked at the office yesterday.

• A negation is produced by adding did not and the verb in its infinitive form.

Example : She did not work at the office yesterday.

Question sentence are started with did as in Did  she work at the office yesterday ?
Verbal
There are two pattern of Simple Past Tense :
1.( + ) Subject + verb II + complement
( -  ) Subject + did not + verb I + complement
( ?  ) Did + subject + verb I ?
Nominal
2. ( + ) Subject + to be ( was/were ) + Object
( – ) Subject + to be ( was/were ) + Not + Object
( ? ) To be ( was/ were ) + Subject + Object ?
Past Continuonus Tense
Past Continuonus Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an event or an action which was happening in a certain in the past.
As with the present tense,the continuous aspect that the activity is in progress ,or that it is uncompleted ,at  the specified time.
The Pattern :
( +  ) Subject + to be ( was/were ) + verb – ing + complement
(  -  ) Subject + was not / were not + verb- ing + complement
( ?   ) Was/were + subject + verb-ing + complement ?

Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished till certain or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened.
The Pattern :
( + ) Subject + had + verb III + complement
( – ) Subject + had not + verb III + complement
( ? ) Had + subject + verb III + complement ?
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense is like the past perfect tense ,but it  expresses longer actions in the past.
The Pattern :
( + ) Subject + Had + been + verb –ing + complement
( -  ) Subject + Had + not + been + verb-ing + complement
(  ? ) Had + subject + been + verb –ing + complement ?